By: Michael Selmi* Introduction The Civil Rights Act of 1991 (“CRA”) sought to change the employment discrimination landscape.  The CRA overturned or repudiated eight Supreme Court decisions that had narrowed the scope of Title VII in a way that Congress determined was inconsistent with the broad purpose of eradicating employment discrimination.[1]  Relatedly, the CRA transformed […]

By: Melissa Hart* Introduction When Congress passed the 1991 Civil Rights Act (“1991 Act”), the new disparate impact provisions of the law were heralded as a victory for civil rights plaintiffs.[1]  After all, the statute was enacted in response to the Supreme Court’s cramped, “near-death”[2] interpretation of disparate impact law in Wards Cove Packing Co. […]

By: Roberto L. Corrada* Introduction The standard for voluntary affirmative action[1] under Title VII has been in question in recent years.  The last United States Supreme Court opinion to directly address the matter is over twenty years old, and the Court’s composition has changed since then.  In the years since the last Title VII affirmative […]

By: Wendy Parker* Introduction The Civil Rights Act of 1991[1] (“Act” or “1991 Act”) was thought to be a victory for employment discrimination plaintiffs—a “dramatic” expansion of their rights.[2]  Twenty years later, however, we are told that the news for employment discrimination plaintiffs has gone “from bad to worse.”[3]  Employment discrimination plaintiffs should expect defendants […]

By: Andrew L. Berrier* Licensed Application End User License Agreement The Products transacted through the Service are licensed, not sold, to You for use only under the terms of this license, unless a Product is accompanied by a separate license agreement, in which case the terms of that separate license agreement will govern, subject to […]

By: Zoe E. Niesel* Introduction In 1998, a thirty-year drama came to an end when anthropologists at the University of Nebraska agreed to return the skeletal remains of 1702 Native Americans to a coalition of fifteen modern tribes.[1]  For the tribes involved, this repatriation represented the end of a long struggle to assert their right […]

By: Kelli A. Alces* Introduction The board of directors has outlived its purpose.  The board is theoretically responsible for directing the management of a corporation, for monitoring its senior officers, and for making significant business decisions.  The typical directors of the largest multinational corporations devote about seventeen hours per month to the governance of the […]

By: Lydia Pallas Loren* Abstract Copyright owners routinely obtain prompt removal of allegedly infringing materials from the Internet using takedown notices.  The Copyright Act’s takedown procedures are an attractive and powerful tool to combat infringement because they do not require filing a federal copyright infringement complaint, nor do they involve any neutral assessment of the […]

By: Mira Ganor* Abstract Studies of management’s disregard of the will of the shareholders have focused on combinations of entrenchment mechanisms and special governance structures.  However, management’s power to issue stock—a fundamental element of the ability of management to control the corporation regardless of the will of the shareholders—has received scarce attention.  This Article highlights […]

By: Naomi Harlin Goodno* Introduction Schoolyard bullying has been around for generations, but recently it has taken on a new, menacing face¾cyberbullying.  Now adolescents use technology to deliberately and repeatedly bully, harass, hassle, and threaten peers.  No longer does the bullying end once the school day ends.  With the use of technology, groups of bullies […]

By: Kent Greenfield* Introduction When pondering the question of the “sustainable corporation,” as we did in this symposium, one of the intractable problems is the nature of the corporation to produce externalities.  By noting this characteristic, I am not making a moral point but an economic one.  The nature of the firm is to create […]